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Substance Profile
Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring phenethylamine found in the peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii) and San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi). It is one of the oldest known psychedelics with a ritual usage history spanning over 5000 years among indigenous peoples of the Americas. Mescaline produces a long-lasting psychedelic experience of 6-12 hours with characteristically vivid visual effects and a warm, empathogenic quality. Research is investigating its therapeutic potential for depression and substance use disorders.
Dual serotonin receptor activation producing rich visual experiences
Phenethylamine-class psychedelic promoting neural connectivity
Reported subjective effects based on clinical and community data
The polypharmacology of psychedelics reveals multiple targets for potential therapeutics.
Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy: Potential Benefits and Challenges in Mental Health Treatment.
Use of Psychedelic Agents in Older Adults with Treatment-Resistant Major Depressive Disorder: What the Evidence Shows.
Clinical pharmacology.
Evidence that 5-HT2A receptor signalling efficacy and not biased agonism differentiates serotonergic psychedelic from non-psychedelic drugs.
The effect of psychedelic microdosing on animal behavior: A review with recommendations for the field.
Psychedelics for Cancer Pain and Associated Psychological Distress: A Narrative Review of a Potential Strategy.
Reconsidering evidence for psychedelic-induced psychosis: an overview of reviews, a systematic review, and meta-analysis of human studies.
Psychedelic-assisted treatment for substance use disorder: A narrative systematic review.
Scoping Review: The Role of Psychedelics in the Management of Chronic Pain.
The immunomodulatory effects of classical psychedelics: A systematic review of preclinical studies.
Psychedelics: A review of their effects on recalled aversive memories and fear/anxiety expression in rodents.
Therapeutic Potential of Psychedelic Compounds for Substance Use Disorders.
Psychedelics: From Cave Art to 21st-Century Medicine for Addiction.
Traditional Medicine, Culture, and Psychedelic Science: New Pathways for Recovery From Substance Use Disorders.
Acute dose-dependent effects of mescaline in a double-blind placebo-controlled study in healthy subjects.
Psychedelic therapy in depression and substance use disorders.
What is needed for the roll-out of psychedelic treatments?
Serotonergic Psychedelics: A Comparative Review of Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Binding Profile.
Set and setting predict psychopathology, wellbeing and meaningfulness of psychedelic experiences: a correlational study.
Psychedelics for treatment resistant depression: are they game changers?
Cardiovascular safety of psychedelic medicine: current status and future directions.
History of the administration of psychedelics in France.
The risk of chronic psychedelic and MDMA microdosing for valvular heart disease.
Assessment of the Acute Effects of 2C-B vs. Psilocybin on Subjective Experience, Mood, and Cognition.
Risk of bias in randomized clinical trials on psychedelic medicine: A systematic review.
The Bright Side of Psychedelics: Latest Advances and Challenges in Neuropharmacology.
Mescaline: The forgotten psychedelic.
Classic psychedelics and alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of human and animal studies.
Dosing Psychedelics and MDMA.
Psychedelics in the treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression.
Molecular insights into psychedelic drug action.
A systematic literature review of clinical trials and therapeutic applications of ibogaine.
The epidemiology of mescaline use: Pattern of use, motivations for consumption, and perceived consequences, benefits, and acute and enduring subjective effects.
The History of Psychedelics in Psychiatry.
2-(4-Iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]ethanamine (25I-NBOME): A Harmful Hallucinogen Review.
Classic psychedelics: An integrative review of epidemiology, therapeutics, mystical experience, and brain network function.
Examination of Recreational and Spiritual Peyote Use Among American Indian Youth.
Dark Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine.
Dark Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Mescaline.
Psychiatry & the psychedelic drugs. Past, present & future.
Key interindividual determinants in MDMA pharmacodynamics.
Psychedelic Drugs in Biomedicine.
Psychedelics as medicines for substance abuse rehabilitation: evaluating treatments with LSD, Peyote, Ibogaine and Ayahuasca.
Serotonergic hallucinogens as translational models relevant to schizophrenia.
Fluorine in psychedelic phenethylamines.
Neuropharmacology of the naturally occurring kappa-opioid hallucinogen salvinorin A.
Agonist-trafficking and hallucinogens.
Analysis of toxic alkaloids in body samples.
Traditional medicine in the treatment of drug addiction.